The amount of butter in your recipe is up to you. If you want a very rich topping, you can add as many as 8–9 tablespoons (120–130 ml), though you should add 1–2 tablespoons (14. 8–29. 6 ml) more flour and brown sugar if you do. [2] X Research source

Food Processor: Pulse the mixture until there are still 1/4" clumps and none of the butter is uncoated with flour. Pastry Blender: These D-shaped tools have 4-5 wires at the end which effectively cut the butter up into thin slices. Cut until you have a gravel-like consistency. Fingers: Freeze the whole mixture for 2-3 minutes before working, then quickly mash the butter into the flour, aiming for a crumbly, gravel-like mixture.

Must Pink Lady Granny Smith Cortland Empire Jonathan and Jonagold[6] X Research source

Must Pink Lady Granny Smith Cortland Empire Jonathan and Jonagold[6] X Research source

Wash and peel the apple. Remove the stem. Cut the apple in half lengthwise, from the stem down Cut the apple halves lengthwise into quarters Lay each quarter on one side, peel side up, and diagonally slice out the core. Cut remaining apple into slices. [7] X Research source

If you want a little extra sweetness, toss in 2 tablespoons (29. 6 ml) of maple syrup with the lemon juice and coat the apples before adding sugar and flour.

If the topping is getting too dark but the apples need more time, cover the whole thing with aluminum foil. This will protect the topping while trapping heat to cook the apples. [9] X Research source

Omit the oats from the topping, instead adding an extra 1/2 cup of flour. [10] X Research source Adding more cold butter for a richer topping, or 2 tablespoons (29. 6 ml) melted butter with the apples for a richer base. [11] X Research source Change the brown sugar to white sugar mixture, adding more brown sugar for a more molasses-like taste.

Dried fruits, like raisins, currants, and cranberries. Fresh cranberries Pears Plums[14] X Research source

Spices go well if you add dried fruits, as well. A touch of maple syrup here will help balance the spices with a dash of sweetness.